How to choose a replacement for R-22
R-22 is being phased out. This article summarises options for existing systems (retrofit) and for new equipment, plus what to check before converting.
R-22 is an HCFC with a non-zero ODP, so it is being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. Permitted supply keeps shrinking, and after 2030 only a small amount remains for servicing. System owners should plan the change now.
1. Existing systems in good condition: retrofit
Equipment that still has useful life can be converted to a refrigerant designed to replace R-22 without replacing the whole unit.
- R-407C — a zeotropic HFC blend with properties close to R-22, common in air conditioning and chillers. Usually requires a change to POE oil, and must be charged as liquid because of its temperature glide.
- R-417A — designed specifically for R-22 retrofits; in many cases it works with the existing oil.
- R-448A (Solstice® N40) / R-449A / R-407F — for refrigeration such as cold rooms and cabinets that previously used R-22.
2. New installations: use the refrigerant the equipment is designed for
Most new air conditioners use R-32, R-410A or R-454B. These run at much higher pressure than R-22, so they must never be charged into an existing R-22 system — only into equipment designed for them.
Before converting, check
- The equipment and compressor manufacturer's guidance
- Oil type, seals and expansion valve compatibility with the new refrigerant
- The new refrigerant's safety class (A1, A2L, A3) suits the equipment and installation space
- Recover the old refrigerant properly — never vent it to atmosphere
The ORAFON team can help choose the right refrigerant for your system. See the retrofit guide or contact us.